The only difference is that the router in question may contain only a single Ethernet network interface controller (NIC) that is part of both VLANs. If they need to communicate, then a router must be placed between the two VLANs to forward packets, just as if the two LANs were physically isolated. This means that two machines attached to the same switch cannot send Ethernet frames to each other even though they pass over the same wires. A VLAN allows multiple virtual LANs to coexist on the same physical LAN. They use a single Ethernet network interface port that is part of two or more Virtual LANs, enabling them to be joined. One-armed routers that perform traffic forwarding are often implemented on virtual local area networks ( VLANs). A simplified diagram of how the router on a stick works.
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